Covalent bond notes
1 November 2021, 9:48 PM
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I just wanted to be able to put something under the journal tab.
For the purpose of demonstration, here are some of my old notes on covalent bonds from my 11th grade physical science class.
COVALENT COMPOUNDS.
- covalent bond - a bond formed when two atoms share their valence electrons
- each atom donates an unpaired valence electron to the bond, and the two atoms share the pair of electrons
- generally takes place between two nonmetals (ex. H20 and C02)
- atoms do not give or take electrons, so no ions are formed
- covalent (molecular) compound - a compound held together by covalent bonds
- molecular compounds generally have lower melting points and are not good conductors
- molecule - the smallest unit of a covalent compound that retains the properties of that compound
ELECTRONEGATIVITY.
- Both atoms share the pooled valence electrons in an electron tug-of-war (electronegativity).
- When atoms form a polar covalent bond, the atom with the greater attraction (greater electronegativity) for electrons has a partial negative charge. The other atom has a partial positive charge.
NAMING MOLECULES.
- Use established prefixes to determine the number of each atom present in the compound.
- 1 = mono
- 2 = di
- 3 = tri
- 4 = tetra
- 5 = penta
- 6 = hexa
- 7 = hepta
- 8 = octa
- 9 = nona
- 10 = deca
- a missing prefix from the first element is understood to be a one
- Write formulas for each compound.
- disulfur tetraflouride (S2F4)
- carbon monoxide (CO)
- diboron tetrachloride (B2Cl4)
- tetraphosphorus decasulfide (P4S10)
- heptasilicon diselenide (Si7Se2)
- phosphorus pentafluoride (PF5)
- Name the compound by combining the prefixes with the element names and adding an -ide to the root of the second element.
- If there is only one atom of the first element, the prefix mono is omitted.
- Write names for each compound.
- CS2 (carbon disulfide)
- Cl20 (dichlorine monoxide)
- N8I3 (octanitrogen triiodide)
- XeF2 (xenon diflouride)
- S2F10 (disulfur decaflouride)
- PH3 (phosphorus trihydride)
(i got 4 out of 6 right initially... i forgot to add the mono- prefix to dichlorine monoxide, and i spelled triiodide as "triodide")